Generalidades de cáncer de mama para médico general
Palabras clave:
Cáncer de mama, terapia antihormonal, biología molecular, biomarcadores.Resumen
El cáncer de mama, es el más frecuente en mujeres; mortal si no es diagnosticado a tiempo que varía de su estadio, su histología y biología molecular. Es bien conocido, que la exposición estrogénica, es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer de mama, junto los antecedentes heredo familiares de primer y segundo grado y genética. El tamizaje en mujeres asintomáticas ha evidenciado que disminuye la mortalidad por el diagnóstico temprano y su diagnóstico de confirmación es la histología por biopsias con aguja gruesa. El tratamiento va depender del estadio, metástasis nodal o extranodal y la inmunohistoquímica y la disminución de la mortalidad se ha logrado con el diagnóstico oportuno y el tratamiento con cirugía y terapia antihormonal.
Referencias
1. Genetics of Breast and Gynecologic Cancers (PDQ®): Health Professional Version. PDQ Cancer Genetics Editorial Board. PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. 2018 Jan 16. PMID: 26389210
2. Anti-estrogen therapy increases plasticity and cancer stemness of prolactin-induced ERα+ mammary carcinomas. Cancer Res. 2018 Jan 23. pii: canres.0985.2017. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-0985.
3. (2001) Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Clin Pharmacol. Doi: 10.1067/mcp.2001.113989
4. Intratumor Heterogeneity of the Estrogen Receptor and the Long-term Risk of Fatal Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018 Jan 19. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djx270.PMID: 29361175
5. STAT3 as a promising chemoresistance biomarker associated with the CD44<sup>+/high</sup>/CD24<sup>-/low</sup>/ALDH<sup>+</sup> BCSCs-like subset of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. Exp Cell Res. 2018 Jan 15. pii: S0014-4827(18)30027-2. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.018. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29352988
6. Molecular profiling pleomorphic lobular carcinomas of the breast: evidence for a common molecular genetic pathway with classic lobular carcinomas Simpson PT. J Pathol. 2008 doi: 10.1002/path.2358
7. Breast cancer treatment - An overview from the US National Cancer Institute(NCI) –Health Professional version. Peer-reviewed, evidence-based summaries fromthe NCI's Physician Data Query (PDQ) database. Octubre, 2017
8. Women's Health Initiative. Semin Reprod Med. 2014 Nov;32(6):417-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1384623. Epub 2014 Oct 16. PMID: 25321417
9. Luminal-like HER2-negative stage IA breast cancer: a multicenter retrospective study on long-term outcome with propensity score analysis. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 24;8(68):112816-112824. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22643.eCollection 2017 Dec 22. PMID: 29348868
10. Epstein Barr virus and invasive mammary carcinomas: EBNA, EBERs and molecular profile in a population of West Algeria. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2018 Jan 16. doi:10.1684/abc.2017.1312. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29336321
11. Prognostic parameters of luminal A and luminal B intrinsic breast cancer subtypes of Pakistani patients. World J Surg Oncol. 2018 Jan 2;16(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12957-017-1299-9. PMID: 29291744
12. Serum SDF-1 levels are a reliable diagnostic marker of feline mammary carcinoma, discriminating HER2-overexpressing tumors from other subtypes. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov11;8(62):105775-105789. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22398. eCollection 2017 Dec 1. PMID: 29285291
13. Impact of Her-2 Overexpression on Survival of Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2017 Oct 26;18(10):2673-2678. PMID: 29072390
14. IGF1R signaling drives antiestrogen resistance through PAK2/PIX activation in luminal breast cancer Oncogene. 2018 Jan 22. doi: 10.1038/s41388-017-0027-9. PMID: 29353882
15. Unravelling triple-negative breast cancer molecular heterogeneity using an integrative multiomic analysis. Ann Oncol. 2018 Jan 22. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdy024. PMID: 29365031
16. Breast cancer classification: linking molecular mechanisms to disease prognosis. Brief Bioinform. 2015 May;16(3):461-74. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbu020. Epub 2014 Jun 20. Review. PMID: 24950687
17. Molecular classification of breast cancer. Virchows Arch. 2014 Jul;465(1):1-14. doi: 10.1007/s00428-014-1593-7. Epub 2014 May 31. PMID: 24878755
18. World Health Organization classification of tumours of the breast. Lakhani SR, Ellis IO, Schnitt SJ, Tan PH, van de Vijver MJ (2012) IARC, Lyon
19. Refinement of breast cancer classification by molecular characterization of histological special types. J Pathol 216:141–150. doi:10.1002/path.2407
20. Sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: past, present, and future. Breast Cancer. 2015 May;22(3):212-20. doi: 10.1007/s12282-012-0421-7. Epub 2012 Dec 19. Review.PMID: 23250812.
21. Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10,801 women in 17 randomised trials. Lancet 378 (9804): 1707-16, 2011.
2. Anti-estrogen therapy increases plasticity and cancer stemness of prolactin-induced ERα+ mammary carcinomas. Cancer Res. 2018 Jan 23. pii: canres.0985.2017. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-0985.
3. (2001) Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Clin Pharmacol. Doi: 10.1067/mcp.2001.113989
4. Intratumor Heterogeneity of the Estrogen Receptor and the Long-term Risk of Fatal Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018 Jan 19. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djx270.PMID: 29361175
5. STAT3 as a promising chemoresistance biomarker associated with the CD44<sup>+/high</sup>/CD24<sup>-/low</sup>/ALDH<sup>+</sup> BCSCs-like subset of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. Exp Cell Res. 2018 Jan 15. pii: S0014-4827(18)30027-2. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.018. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29352988
6. Molecular profiling pleomorphic lobular carcinomas of the breast: evidence for a common molecular genetic pathway with classic lobular carcinomas Simpson PT. J Pathol. 2008 doi: 10.1002/path.2358
7. Breast cancer treatment - An overview from the US National Cancer Institute(NCI) –Health Professional version. Peer-reviewed, evidence-based summaries fromthe NCI's Physician Data Query (PDQ) database. Octubre, 2017
8. Women's Health Initiative. Semin Reprod Med. 2014 Nov;32(6):417-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1384623. Epub 2014 Oct 16. PMID: 25321417
9. Luminal-like HER2-negative stage IA breast cancer: a multicenter retrospective study on long-term outcome with propensity score analysis. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 24;8(68):112816-112824. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22643.eCollection 2017 Dec 22. PMID: 29348868
10. Epstein Barr virus and invasive mammary carcinomas: EBNA, EBERs and molecular profile in a population of West Algeria. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2018 Jan 16. doi:10.1684/abc.2017.1312. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29336321
11. Prognostic parameters of luminal A and luminal B intrinsic breast cancer subtypes of Pakistani patients. World J Surg Oncol. 2018 Jan 2;16(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12957-017-1299-9. PMID: 29291744
12. Serum SDF-1 levels are a reliable diagnostic marker of feline mammary carcinoma, discriminating HER2-overexpressing tumors from other subtypes. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov11;8(62):105775-105789. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22398. eCollection 2017 Dec 1. PMID: 29285291
13. Impact of Her-2 Overexpression on Survival of Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2017 Oct 26;18(10):2673-2678. PMID: 29072390
14. IGF1R signaling drives antiestrogen resistance through PAK2/PIX activation in luminal breast cancer Oncogene. 2018 Jan 22. doi: 10.1038/s41388-017-0027-9. PMID: 29353882
15. Unravelling triple-negative breast cancer molecular heterogeneity using an integrative multiomic analysis. Ann Oncol. 2018 Jan 22. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdy024. PMID: 29365031
16. Breast cancer classification: linking molecular mechanisms to disease prognosis. Brief Bioinform. 2015 May;16(3):461-74. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbu020. Epub 2014 Jun 20. Review. PMID: 24950687
17. Molecular classification of breast cancer. Virchows Arch. 2014 Jul;465(1):1-14. doi: 10.1007/s00428-014-1593-7. Epub 2014 May 31. PMID: 24878755
18. World Health Organization classification of tumours of the breast. Lakhani SR, Ellis IO, Schnitt SJ, Tan PH, van de Vijver MJ (2012) IARC, Lyon
19. Refinement of breast cancer classification by molecular characterization of histological special types. J Pathol 216:141–150. doi:10.1002/path.2407
20. Sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: past, present, and future. Breast Cancer. 2015 May;22(3):212-20. doi: 10.1007/s12282-012-0421-7. Epub 2012 Dec 19. Review.PMID: 23250812.
21. Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10,801 women in 17 randomised trials. Lancet 378 (9804): 1707-16, 2011.
Publicado
2020-11-13
Número
Sección
Revisiones de literatura
Licencia
La propiedad intelectual de los trabajos aceptados es de sus autores, no obstante el acceso a ellos es totalmente abierto y gratuito, por lo que podrán ser reproducidos total o parcialmente con la única limitación de reconocer la autoría y la fuente de publicación ( Revista Medicina Legal de Costa Rica), siempre y cuando dicha explotación no tenga carácter comercial.
Cómo citar
Generalidades de cáncer de mama para médico general. (2020). Medicina Legal De Costa Rica, 35(1). https://www.binasss.sa.cr/ojssalud/index.php/mlcr/article/view/85
